In the course of some 60 to 65 years, going back to the 1940s, signal processing and neural computation have evolved into two highly pervasive disciplines. In their own individual ways, they have significantly influenced many other disciplines. What is perhaps surprising to see, however, is the fact that the cross-fertilization between signal processing and neural computation is still very much in its infancy. We only need to look at the brain and be amazed by the highly sophisticated kinds of signal processing and elaborate hierarchical levels of neural computation, which are performed...