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Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Technology Inferential Models for Logic, Language, Cognition and Computation

Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Technology Inferential Models for Logic, Language, Cognition and Computation

According to one influential view, model-building in science is primarily a matter of simplifying theoretical descriptions of real-world target systems using abstraction and idealization. This view, however, does not adequately capture all types of models. Many contemporary models in the natural and social sciences – from physics to biology to economics – stand in a more tenuous relationship with real-world target systems and have a decidedly stipulative element, in that they create, by fiat, ‘model worlds’ that operate according to some set of specified rules. While such models may be motivated by an...

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