Computation and algorithms are broadly classified into two categories: machine computation and natural computation. Machine computation is the generic term for computation. In machine computation, the computing subjects are humans who use computers, such as PCs and abacuses, which are separate from the computing subject. In natural computation, computing subjects and computers are integrated; hence, the computing subjects are computers. In machine computation, as computers exist outside the computing subject, computation is completed by the computers; hence, the subjects are simply waiting for the computers to provide their result. Machine computation is essentially...